The Ziehl-Neelsen method has endured as a reliable and effective way to demonstrate the acid-fast bacteria. By ASM MicrobeLibrary.
Links for Methods:
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http://www.microbelibrary.org/component/resource/laboratory-test/2870-acid-fast-stain-protocols
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This technique allows you to produce a homogeneous lawn of bacteria within a thin layer of agar across the surface of a plate. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1994/05/04/agar-overlay-technique/ -
The presence of coliform bacteria is widely used as an indicator of potential fecal contamination. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1993/07/27/assay-for-coliform-contamination-in-ambient-water/ -
Heating is one of the most convenient methods for sterilization. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1985/10/15/autoclave-use/ -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1989/07/05/bacterial-contamination-of-meat-pour-plate-assay/ -
Fresh food will typically have very low bacterial content, but as it is handled and stored, the bacterial concentration may increase dramatically. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1989/07/05/bacterial-contamination-of-milk-pour-plate-assay/ -
Bacteria display a characteristic four-phase pattern of growth in liquid culture. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1992/08/03/bacterial-growth-curve/ -
U.S. Food & Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) presents the agency's preferred laboratory procedures for microbiological analyses of foods and cosmetics.
http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodScienceResearch/LaboratoryMethods/ucm2006949.htm -
Bacteria must be stained in order to be easily visualized under the microscope. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1980/02/11/bacteriological-smear-and-staining-protocol/ -
An international peer-reviewed scientific journal serving the medical and biological research community with research methods and protocols.
http://www.biologicalproceduresonline.com/ -
Protocols used in Bruce Roe's Laboratory.
http://www.genome.ou.edu/proto.html -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/2001/07/11/buccal-smear/ -
The health standard for drinking water allows no more than 5 coliform per hundred mL. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1989/07/20/coliform-in-drinking-water/ -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1990/06/24/commonly-used-media-for-phage-growth/ -
These media are used for a variety applications in Microbiology. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1990/06/24/commonly-used-solid-media/ -
Testing pure cultures is essential to the success of the any microbial identification system. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47%3Aculture-purification&catid=25&Itemid=40 -
Containing links to protocols useful for cyanobacterial research.
http://www-cyanosite.bio.purdue.edu/protocols/protocols.html -
The Gram-Stain is the single most common and cost effective staining technique used in identifying bacterial organisms. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48%3Adifferentiating-gram-negative-and-gram-positive-bacteria&catid=25&Itemid=40 -
It is frequently necessary to dilute these solutions to a desired level. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1993/07/02/dilutions-principles-and-apllications/ -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/2001/07/18/displacement-pipetters-their-care-and-use/ -
By The National Environmental Research Institute in Denmark.
http://www2.dmu.dk/1_Viden/2_Miljoe-tilstand/3_jord/4_microtitermethods/ -
While sampling alone cannot guarantee the safety of your product, it should be an integral part of your food safety system. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49%3Aenvironmental-microbiological-sampling-using-aseptic-methods&catid=25&Itemid=40 -
EPA methods related to bacteria, viruses and protozoans can be found at this site.
http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/ -
FISH is a molecular technique that is often used to identify and enumerate specific microbial groups. By Microbial Life - Educational Resources.
http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/microscopy/fish.html -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1993/07/14/gram-stain-protocol/ -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1993/07/27/hemolytic-streptoccus-detection/ -
Meat quality is greatly influenced by muscle pH and its measurement is important. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59%3Ameasuring-ph-in-meat-and-meat-products&catid=17&Itemid=31 -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Meat_Milk/meat&milk_setup.htm -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Media_Prep/Media_Prep.htm -
By The Yeast Resource Center (YRC). A Biomedical Technology Research Center supported by the National Institute of General Medical Studies at the US National Institutes of Health.
http://depts.washington.edu/yeastrc/ -
The pour plate technique can be used to determine the number of microbes/mL or microbes/gram in a specimen. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Meat_Milk/Pour_Plate.htm -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Phage/Phage_Prep.htm -
Wet mount preparations are especially valuable for demonstrating motility in microorganisms. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Wet_Mount/Wet_Mount.htm -
Calculations for calculating microbe per unit volume. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Micro_Math_Problems.htm -
Serial dilutions are regularly used in microbiology when initial concentrations of bacteria are much too high to perform a plate count, or for producing a series of regular dilutions as in titering serum. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Yeast_Plate_Count/Serial_Dilutions.htm -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Coliform_assays/Single_Colony_Isolation.htm -
The spectrophotometer is an instrument which measures the amount of light of a specificed wavelength which passes through a medium. By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Growth_Curve/Spectrophotometer.htm -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Yeast_Plate_Count/Spreading_Technique.html -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Yeast_Plate_Count/Sterile_Tech_pipet.htm -
By Rachel Watson, M.S. at the University of Wyoming.
http://www.uwyo.edu/molb2210_lab/info/biochemical_tests.htm -
This site is maintained as an on-line resource for laboratory scientists performing antibiotic susceptibility testing.
http://web.med.unsw.edu.au/cdstest/ -
Dan Gottschling's laboratory at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle with a list of useful protocols used for studying microbes.
http://research.fhcrc.org/gottschling/en.html -
Gram staining is a common technique used to differentiate two large groups of bacteria based on their different cell wall constituents. By Microbial Life - Educational Resources.
http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/microscopy/gramstain.html -
To calibrate a thermometer only takes a few minutes and is essential for good business practices. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66%3Athermometers-calibrating-them&catid=17&Itemid=31 -
The correct use of a thermometer is one of the most important step in undertaking HACCP monitoring. By Arrow Scientific Pty Ltd.
http://www.arrowscientific.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67%3Athermometers-using-them&catid=17&Itemid=31 -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1993/02/17/titering-of-bacterial-viruses/ -
By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1987/08/03/triple-sugar-iron-agar-and-its-use-and-interpretation/ -
The plate count is one of the most accurate means of enumeration of viable microbes because you get a visual indicator for every cell in the specimen. By By Dr. David B. Fankhauser, U.C. Clermont College.
https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/1988/06/29/yeast-plate-count-protocol/